Understanding Eczema and Skincare.
Cleansers: Function, Usage, and Selection.
Moisturisers: Purpose, Application, and Choosing the Right One.
Sunscreen: Its Importance, How to Use, and What to Look for.
Insights into Serums, Niacinamide, Toner, and Spring Water.
Wet Wrap Therapy, Steroids, Eye Creams, and Lip Balms.
Unveiling Masks, Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors, Biologics.
Selecting Eczema Skincare Products.
Here's a list of all the various skincare product types that you'll find in this guide:
Cleansers
Moisturisers
Sunscreen
Serums
Niacinamide
Toner
Spring Water
Wet Wrap Therapy
Steroids
Eye Creams
Lip Balms
Masks
Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors
Biologics
Eczema Skincare Products - The Ultimate Guide
Understanding Eczema and the Role of Skincare
Eczema, a skin condition characterised by itchiness and inflammation, is often a result of a defect in the skin barrier. This defect allows moisture to escape and irritants to enter, leading to dry, irritated skin. Skincare for eczema aims to repair the skin barrier and prevent dryness.
Our comprehensive guide will walk you through various categories of skincare products and explain how each contributes to the prevention and management of eczema flare-ups.
Cleansers
What Do They Do?
Cleansers play a crucial role in skincare for eczema. Their purpose is to clean the skin by removing bacteria, dirt, and pollutants. Many cleansers are enriched with nourishing skincare ingredients to aid in skin repair and hydration.
When Should They Be Used?
Skin cleansing is generally recommended once daily, in the evening. However, you may also cleanse in the morning, especially after a workout or if you prefer to start the day with a fresh face.
How Should They Be Used?
Use lukewarm water to wet your face and apply a few drops of cleanser. Rinse off the cleanser and gently pat your face dry using a soft microfibre cloth.
What To Choose?
Choose a gentle, non-alcohol-based, hydrating cleanser. The CeraVe hydrating gentle cleanser, hypoallergenic and formulated with moisturising lipids, is an excellent option for skin prone to eczema. Always perform a test patch when introducing new skincare products.
CeraVe Hydrating Gentle Cleanser (https://www.cerave.com/skincare/cleansers/hydrating-facial-cleanser)
Moisturisers
What Do They Do?
Moisturisers, also known as emollients, hydrate the skin, replenish lipids, and help repair the skin barrier. They are the cornerstone of any skincare routine, especially for those with eczema.
When Should They Be Used?
Moisturisers can be used as often as desired, with a minimum recommendation of morning and evening applications. Use them year-round, and more so during eczema flare-ups.
How Should They Be Used?
Apply a liberal amount of moisturiser onto your skin and gently massage it in a downward direction. Avoid rubbing or wiping off the moisturiser; let it absorb naturally into your skin.
What To Choose?
Moisturisers vary based on their oil-to-water ratio. Lotions have the least oil content, while ointments contain the most. So, the drier your skin, the oilier your moisturiser should ideally be.
Key ingredients to look out for in moisturisers include:
Ceramides
Urea
Niacinamide
Colloidal Oat.
For a day cream, consider options like the CeraVe moisturising cream or La Roche Posay Lipikar Baume. For night-time application, layer a cream with a heavier ointment, such as the QV intensive ointment or Epaderm ointment.
CeraVe Moisturising Cream (https://www.cerave.com/skincare/moisturizers/moisturizing-cream)
La Roche Posay Lipikar Baulme (https://www.laroche-posay.co.uk/en_GB/lipikar-moisturising-balm/)
Epaderm Ointment (https://www.amazon.co.uk/Epaderm-Emollient-Dry-Skin-500g/)
QV Intensive Ointment (https://www.qvskincare.co.uk/all-products/qv-intensive-ointment.html#)
Sunscreen
What Do They Do?
Sunlight, particularly its ultraviolet (UV) component, can exacerbate eczema symptoms by damaging the skin and triggering inflammation. Sunscreen protects the skin from these harmful UV rays, guarding against skin cancer, sunburn, and signs of ageing. It's an essential step in maintaining the health of the skin barrier.
When Should They Be Used?
Sunscreen should be applied daily in the morning, irrespective of the season, your age, or your indoor/outdoor status.
How Should They Be Used?
Apply about two finger lengths of sunscreen over your face and neck. Use more for other sun-exposed areas of your body. Don't forget to reapply regularly throughout the day, especially after sweating or swimming.
What To Choose?
Choose a hypoallergenic, alcohol-free, and fragrance-free sunscreen. Avoid chemical sunscreens, which can irritate the skin. Select a product with an SPF of 30 or higher to ensure adequate protection.
Recommended options include Avene's very high protection mineral fluid SPF50+ sun cream and Cerave Moisturising lotion SPF50.
Avene Very High Protection Mineral Fluid SPF50+ (https://www.amazon.co.uk/Avene-Protection-Mineral-Cream-SPF50/)
Cerave Moisturising Lotion SPF50 (https://www.cerave.co.uk/our-products/face-moisturisers/am-facial-moisturising-lotion-with-spf-50)
Serum
What Do They Do?
Serums are skincare products applied to the skin after cleansing but before moisturising. They're designed to deliver powerful ingredients directly into the skin.
There are many different types of serums which tackle various skin concerns:
For Hydration
For Redness
For Hyperpigmentation
For Textual Irregularities
For Ageing
When Should They Be Used?
They're commonly used in the morning and evening.
How Should They Be Used?
Each product is used differently, so follow individual instructions. However, as a rule of thumb, you'll want to do the following when using serums:
Less is more; a few drops will go a long way.
Always apply to damp skin.
Always follow with a moisturiser; you can even try mixing serum with your moisturiser to gently introduce the serum to your skin.
Avoid during flare-ups.
Test patch first, incorporate it into your skincare routine a few days a week, and then build it up.
What To Choose?
A good one, to begin with, is hydrating serums that include Hyaluronic acid.
Hyaluronic acid is a humectant which means it helps to maintain skin moisture. It works by attracting water from deeper levels of the skin to the surface. It also prevents water loss and creates a hydrated skin microenvironment.
It can be found in some moisturisers, but more commonly, it's included in serums.
Examples:
Ordinary Hyaluronic Acid (https://www.boots.com/the-ordinary-hyaluronic-acid-2-b5)
Niacinamide
What Does It Do?
Niacinamide is water soluble vitamin B3. It has many benefits, including skin conditioning, anti-inflammatory, anti-redness, barrier protection and reducing itchy sensations.
Several trials have shown that Niacinamide can help improve eczema, increase hydration, and prevent water loss. It has also been shown to be an anti-inflammatory agent.
It's an excellent steroid-free option for those seeking to tackle the effects of flare-ups and repair the skin barrier.
When Should They Be Used?
Add Niacinamide to your PM routine. When you start off, apply it on alternate days to build it into your skincare routine.
What To Choose?
Niacinamide is found as a gel or cream instead of a serum. Use small amounts and apply over the face or affected areas. Similar to serums, use it before you apply your moisturiser.
Adex gel is a good option which contains Niacinamide and is specifically formulated for eczema skin.
Examples:
Adex Gel (https://www.adexgel.com/)
Barriers/Slugging
What Do They Do?
Barrier products work to lock in skincare ingredients underneath. The idea is to apply all your skincare products one over the other and to lock them all in with a barrier. These products are too large to penetrate the skin but help to seal the remaining ingredients. It's also known as slugging.
When Should They Be Used?
Use in the evening/night as the last stage of your skincare routine.
How Should They Be Used?
Apply a thin layer over your face and the areas required at the end of your routine.
What To Choose?
We love the Eucerin Aquaphor soothing skin balm. But good old vaseline also works!
Examples:
Eucerin Aquaphor Soothing Skin Balm (https://www.eucerin.co.uk/products/aquaphor/soothing-skin-balm-45ml)
Vaseline (https://www.vaseline.com/us/en/products/healing-jelly/vaseline-healing-jelly-original.html)
Toner
What Do They Do?
Toners are used after cleansing - they act to shrink pores and restore skin to a more natural pH. Eczema skin has a more alkaline pH, which makes it prone to dryness. Toners can help to correct this imbalance.
When Should They Be Used?
They should ideally be used in the evenings on alternate days. Remember, toners are an optional step in your skincare routine. Not everyone will need or want to use a toner.
How Should They Be Used?
They should be applied as a base for the remainder of your skincare routine. Simply massage them into your skin.
What To Choose?
Avoid stringent alcohol-based toners at all costs! They exacerbate eczema even further. Instead, look for hydrating skin toners.
Aveeno calm+ restore toner is a great option. It is pH balanced, fragrance-free and contains oat, which has been shown to help eczema.
Examples:
Aveeno Calm+ Restore Toner (https://www.aveeno.co.uk/face/calm-restore-soothing-oat-toning-lotion)
Thermal Spring Water
What Does It Do?
This is natural water with low mineral content. But, surprisingly, it's been shown to reduce skin inflammation and itching.
When Should They Be Used?
Use AM and PM after cleansing and before applying the remainder of your skincare products. It can also be used to cool the face during intense itchy episodes.
How Should They Be Used?
Spray on the face and allow it to settle in the skin.
Examples:
Avene thermal spring water (https://www.avene.co.uk/range/thermal-spring-water)
Eye Creams
What Do They Do?
Eye creams are designed specifically for the delicate skin around your eyes. They provide targeted treatment to address concerns such as dryness, puffiness, dark circles, and wrinkles. In the case of eczema-prone skin, they can help soothe irritation and provide hydration.
When Should They Be Used?
Eye creams should be used twice a day, in the morning and the evening, after applying serum but before your moisturiser.
How Should They Be Used?
Apply a small amount (around the size of a grain of rice) on your ring finger, then gently tap it around your orbital bone, avoiding the lash line and never pulling or tugging at the skin.
What To Choose?
When selecting an eye cream for eczema-prone skin, look for formulas that are fragrance-free and hypoallergenic. Ingredients like ceramides, hyaluronic acid, and niacinamide can be beneficial.
Examples:
CeraVe Eye Repair Cream (https://www.cerave.com/skincare/moisturizers/eye-repair-cream)
Lip Balms
What Do They Do?
Lip balms provide a layer on the lip surface to seal in moisture and protect them from external exposure. For lips affected by eczema, a nourishing, hypoallergenic lip balm can provide much-needed relief.
When Should They Be Used?
Lip balms can be applied throughout the day as needed, and it's especially beneficial to apply it before bedtime to hydrate your lips overnight.
How Should They Be Used?
Apply a thin layer of lip balm directly to your lips. Reapply when your lips feel dry or chapped.
What To Choose?
Look for lip balms that are fragrance-free and hypoallergenic, with ingredients that provide hydration and soothe the skin, such as beeswax, shea butter, and vitamin E.
Examples:
Burt's Bees 100% Natural Moisturizing Lip Balm (https://www.burtsbees.com/product/beeswax-lip-balm/11099-00-1.html)
Masks
What Do They Do?
Facial masks are skincare products that provide intensive nourishment to the skin. They can address various skin concerns and provide hydration, soothing, and healing effects – which are particularly beneficial for eczema-prone skin.
When Should They Be Used?
Face masks are generally used once or twice a week, depending on the specific product and your skin's needs.
How Should They Be Used?
After cleansing and toning, apply the mask to your face, avoiding the eye and mouth area. Leave on for the duration specified on the product packaging (usually around 10-20 minutes), then rinse off with warm water.
What To Choose?
When selecting a face mask for eczema-prone skin, look for ones with minimal fragrance and irritants. Ingredients like hyaluronic acid, ceramides, colloidal oatmeal, and aloe vera are typically soothing and hydrating.
Examples:
First Aid Beauty Ultra Repair Instant Oatmeal Mask (https://www.firstaidbeauty.com/skin-care/product/face-cleansers-exfoliators/oatmeal-face-mask)
Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors
What Do They Do?
Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors (TCIs) are non-steroidal medications that modulate the immune system. They're often used in the treatment of eczema to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms.
When Should They Be Used?
Typically, TCIs should be used as directed by your dermatologist. They're usually applied once or twice daily to areas of active eczema.
How Should They Be Used?
They should be applied as a thin layer on the affected areas. Always wash your hands before and after applying the medication unless the hands are the treated site.
What To Choose?
Two common TCIs include Elidel (pimecrolimus) and Protopic (tacrolimus). These medications require a prescription.
Examples:
Elidel (pimecrolimus) and Protopic (tacrolimus).
Steroids
What Do They Do?
Topical corticosteroids, often referred to as steroids, are used to reduce inflammation and itching associated with eczema.
When Should They Be Used?
Steroids are usually used during active eczema flare-ups or as directed by your dermatologist.
How Should They Be Used?
Apply a thin layer of the steroid cream or ointment to the eczema-affected skin areas. Always use the medication as directed by your healthcare provider.
What To Choose?
There are many types of topical steroids, varying in strength from mild to very potent. The choice of steroid type and strength will depend on your specific condition and should be discussed with your healthcare provider.
Examples:
Hydrocortisone (Mild), Betamethasone (Potent),
Biologics
What Do They Do?
Biologics are medications designed to target specific parts of the immune system. In the context of eczema, they help to reduce the overactive immune response that leads to inflammation and symptoms of the condition.
When Should They Be Used?
Biologics are typically used for moderate-to-severe eczema cases that haven't responded well to other treatments. They should be used as prescribed by your dermatologist.
How Should They Be Used?
Biologics are usually administered via injection. The frequency of injections will depend on the specific medication and your doctor's instructions.
What To Choose?
Dupixent (dupilumab) is a commonly prescribed biologic for eczema. As it's a powerful medication, it should only be used under the supervision of a healthcare provider.
Examples:
Dupixent (dupilumab) (https://www.dupixent.com/)
Phototherapy
What Does It Do?
Phototherapy involves exposing the skin to ultraviolet light under medical supervision to reduce eczema symptoms. It can help decrease itch, calm inflammation, and boost the body's natural vitamin D production.
When Should It Be Used?
Phototherapy is usually recommended for moderate to severe eczema cases that haven't responded to topical treatments. The frequency of treatment sessions can vary but often ranges from two to five times a week.
How Should It Be Used?
Treatment involves standing in a lightbox or sitting in a light booth for a set amount of time (usually just a few minutes) while the skin is exposed to UV light. The treatment duration is carefully controlled to ensure effectiveness and minimize the risk of skin damage.
What To Choose?
There are several types of phototherapy, including narrowband UVB, UVA, and combination UVA/UVB therapy. Your healthcare provider will recommend the best option based on your skin condition and overall health.
Examples:
Home Phototherapy Units such as those from Daavlin (https://www.daavlin.com/home-phototherapy/)
Wet Wrapping
What Do They Do?
These are specially designed bandages made from light, breathable fabrics. They're used for wrapping the skin, and this technique is designed to lock in and soak skincare products. They help with hydration and softening of the skin.
When Should They Be Used?
It should ideally be used in the evening/night when the skin needs some extra TLC! It's perfect for dry patches and inflammation.
How Should They Be Used?
Cut the bandage to size.
Wet and wring the dressing.
Apply your skincare routine as you usually would.
Place the wet bandage over the skin.
Finally, place a dry bandage over the wet layer to lock in the products.
Examples:
ComfiFAST Tubular Bandages (https://www.amazon.co.uk/COMFIFAST-ELASTICATED-VISCOSE-TUBULAR-7-5CMX5M/)
Product Application Techniques
Understanding how to apply skincare products properly can greatly influence their effectiveness. A common mistake is rubbing the products into your skin, which can cause unnecessary friction and potentially exacerbate eczema symptoms.
Instead, you should gently pat or press the products into your skin. This technique helps the product absorb more effectively, without causing unnecessary stress to your skin. Be especially gentle when applying products around the eye area as this skin is more delicate.
Test Patch/Allergy Test
New skincare products can sometimes lead to unexpected skin reactions. To prevent potential adverse effects, it's advisable to perform a patch test before fully incorporating a new product into your routine.
To do this, apply a small amount of the product on a discrete area of your skin, such as the inside of your wrist or elbow, and wait for 24-48 hours. If no reaction occurs, it's generally safe to proceed with the product. If you notice any redness, itching, burning, or other signs of irritation, discontinue use and consult with a healthcare provider if needed.
Proton Health - Your Personal Skin Coach
The Proton Health app isn't merely a tool for tracking symptoms and triggers—it's your Personal Skin Health Coach. Our digital companion is designed to monitor your progress, providing personalised advice and product recommendations that cater to your unique skincare needs.
One of the defining features of Proton Health is the generation of bespoke skincare routines tailored for individuals living with eczema. Using the data you share, the app devises a skincare routine that's customised to meet your specific needs, effectively setting Proton Health apart with this unparalleled level of support for those managing eczema symptoms.
Access to the Skinverse
The Proton Health app doesn't stop at custom routines—it offers you a doorway to an exclusive Eczema Marketplace - The Skinverse. Here, you'll discover an array of carefully selected skincare products, with exclusive discounts available for Proton Health users. The Skinverse allows you to conveniently explore and purchase products that align with your personalised skincare routine, all within the app.
Evidence-Based Methods and Product Recommendations
Proton Health is committed to using evidence-based techniques for managing eczema. By ensuring our methods and product recommendations are scientifically backed, we aim to offer the most effective approach to your skincare routine. We understand that everyone's skin is different; therefore, our suggestions are tailored to suit your specific needs and preferences.Try out the app here now.
Eczema Skincare Guide - The Conclusion
It can be daunting to begin your skincare journey, but this guide serves as a helpful reference to create yours. Remember, our skin is unique, and the products that work for you may not work for others, and vice versa. You'll find example skincare routines, from the basics to expert levels, within the app.
Effective management of eczema requires understanding the function of different skincare products.
Essential products include cleansers, moisturisers, and sunscreens; additionally, serums, toners, masks, and others can be beneficial.
Choosing the right product for your skin type and condition is key. Regular, appropriate usage can help repair the skin barrier and reduce eczema symptoms.
